Vapor Pressure Analyzer
The Vapor Pressure Analyzer or VPA measures the vapor pressures of solids, liquids and oils using the Knudsen effusion method.
The vapor pressure is an important material physical property that defines the amount of vapor phase material that exists in equilibrium with the original material. All materials enter the vapor phase by sublimation (solid – gas) or evaporation (liquid – gas). The vapor pressure of a material at thermodynamic equilibrium is a fundamental property of the material and is only a function of temperature.
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Knudsen Method |
The Knudsen effusion method is a dynamic gravimetric technique based on the rate of escape of vapor molecules through an orifice of known dimensions in a Knudsen cell into a vacuum at a known temperature. The rate of mass loss through the orifice is measured by the Surface Measurement Systems’ UltraBalance within the VPA system. Sample masses from 1 to 100mg can be studied typically in the temperature range from 20 to 400 °C. |
Temperature-controlled incubator The incubator provides a controlled and stable temperature environment for experiments. Range: 20 °C to 85 °C Stability: ±0.2 °C (20 °C to 85 °C)High-temperature pre-heater The local sample pre-heater heats the sample up to 400 °C. Vacuum system Vacuum Gauge Vacuum manifold Ultra microbalance |